In the mammal wing of the Natural History Section the visitor is first greeted by a group of panthers or leopards (Panthera pardus). The leopard, tiger, lion or cat whether great or small are members of cat family. Panthers are able to live and thrive any where whether it may be thick forest, heavy cover or open country as among rocks and scrub. The leopards are carnivorous living on, cattle, deer, monkey, rodants, etc. A full-grown leopard is measured from six feet to eight feet in length and weighing about 50 to 68 Kgs. The colour of the body is deep yellow with dark spot or close set black rosettes. There is slight variation in colour according to their habit. The animals of desert zone are paler whereas the animal from Kashmir area have soft dehepfurred grey buff coats with small, thick rimmed rosettes. Leopards are good climbers.The deep jungles in the districts of Dhenkanal, Puri, Sambalpur, Phulbani, Koraput and Kalahandi are abound with herds of leopards.

The family of leopard in the diorama consists of a male a female with two cubs' amidst natural habitat.